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Artículos

Vol. 2 Núm. 5 (2025): Revista Paraguaya de Pedagogía

Cooperación Sur-Sur en investigación: Un análisis cuantitativo de la producción científica y la inversión en I+D

South-South cooperation in research: A quantitative analysis of scientific output and investment in R&D
Publicado
2025-09-03

La Cooperación Sur-Sur (CSS) se ha consolidado como un paradigma fundamental en las relaciones internacionales, promoviendo la colaboración entre países en desarrollo para abordar desafíos comunes. Este artículo presenta un estudio cuantitativo sobre la cooperación en investigación entre naciones del Sur Global, analizando la relación entre la inversión en Investigación y Desarrollo (I+D) y la producción científica. Utilizando datos del Banco Mundial y la National Science Foundation, se examina la producción de artículos científicos y el gasto en I+D como porcentaje del PIB en una selección de 24 países de África, Asia y América Latina. Los resultados revelan una fuerte correlación positiva (r = 0.81) entre la inversión en I+D y el número de publicaciones. Se observan brechas significativas, con China e India liderando la producción científica, mientras que la mayoría de los países invierten menos del 1% de su PIB en I+D. El análisis destaca la emergencia de polos científicos regionales y la persistencia de desigualdades estructurales. Se concluye que, si bien la CSS en investigación está en expansión, es crucial fortalecer las capacidades institucionales y aumentar la inversión para consolidar un ecosistema científico más equitativo y robusto en el Sur Global.

South-South Cooperation (SSC) has established itself as a fundamental paradigm in international relations, fostering collaboration among developing countries to address common challenges. This article presents a quantitative study on research cooperation among Global South nations, analyzing the relationship between investment in Research and Development (R&D) and scientific production. Using data from the World Bank and the National Science Foundation, the study examines the output of scientific articles and R&D expenditure as a percentage of GDP in a selection of 24 countries from Africa, Asia, and Latin America. The results reveal a strong positive correlation (r = 0.81) between R&D investment and the number of publications. Significant gaps are observed, with China and India leading scientific production, while most countries invest less than 1% of their GDP in R&D. The analysis highlights the emergence of regional scientific hubs and the persistence of structural inequalities. It is concluded that, while SSC in research is expanding, it is crucial to strengthen institutional capacities and increase investment to consolidate a more equitable and robust scientific ecosystem in the Global South.

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Vol. 2 Núm. 5 (2025): Revista Paraguaya de Pedagogía
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Artículos

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